If you go with the current issue antennas you'd commonly find on a deuce such as an AS-3900 or AS-3916 your results with a CB will probably not be satisfactory. Those two antennas are VHF 30-88 MHz, and I seem to recall that they are more efficient at the upper end of it's designed range. I'm sure you can find other mil antennas that will work with citizen band radios (26.965-27.405 MHz), but I can't recall any. Look for a frequency matching or impedance matching HF (2-30 MHz) antenna.
The older VRC-12 series antennas such as an AS-1729 and AS-3684 were also designed for the 30-88 MHz, but I think they were not for frequency agile radios such as SINCGARS. Meaning, they didn't match the impedance of the antenna to the frequency the radio was transmitting. The newer antennas do this to be as efficient as possible with SINCGARS frequency hopping.
Also, as far as current mil (specifically Army) comms, it's not uncommon to mount a VHF antenna where ever it makes sense. Common areas would be on the front of the bed on either, or both sides of the cab, or on the rear quarter of either side of the cab just behhind the door. I'm sure there is a TM that spells it out, but I can tell you as a Signal Soldier/officer of 11 years that the signal Soldiers on the line and operators even moreso will install antennas where ever it works.
I just recently thought about setting up a regular commercial FM radio (88-108 MHz) receiver with an AS-3900 on my 5 ton (when I finally get to pick it up). Has anyone done this? It'd be a fun way to have tunes in an MV without an unsightly commercial automotive antenna. It might work, probably won't work well but it's be receive only so I may give it a shot sometime.