talk to a diesel shop like Scheid in Indiana. CTAs have been used in MDTs and many other applications for years now. Just like the 5.9, there are mechanical versions and electronic versions. Two valve per cylinder motors and four valve per cylinder motors.
They are very reliable engines when built/tune/driven properly (read: anything can be abused or broken).
You dont really "need" a huge amount of power in a deuce or a 5 ton, but a CTA motor could easily make 700hp and near 2000 pound feet of torque with intake, exhaust, injector and turbo mods, not going into the motor at all. This is equivalent to about 475 HP from a 5.9, which any builder/tuner familiar with that engine, will tell you is pretty easy to do. Heck, the new 6.7 motors are 400hp stock and hit 600 with a chip, intake and exhaust.
The CTA modifications are not as well known as those of the mechanical 5.9, but they are very similar in nature. Some options are: more fuel at pump, marine or larger injectors, larger turbo, intake and exhaust, advance timing, Air Dog or Fass, install gauges to make sure you dont blow anything up in engine or trans.
The power you make is only limited by your time to research, work on your truck and the size of your wallet. You can do lots of stuff for cheap or free as noted in other posts.
Happy tuning and keep us posted.